Energy transfer through food webs
Only about a tenth of the energy at one level reaches the next. That single figure explains why top predators are rare.
Part of your national curriculum
- Biology: interactions and interdependencies: Understand the interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, including food webs and insect pollinated crops
Lesson overview
What you'll learn in this lesson
Construct and interpret food chains and webs
Key learning points
- • Trophic levels
- • Reading a web
This lesson at a glance
- 25 minutes
- 9 parts to scroll through
- 3 quick checks
- Marked quiz at the end
- Gentle pace: short sittings with pauses
Words to know
Scroll down — the lesson carries on below
Watch & discover
Part 1 of 9
Watch first
Energy transfer through food webs
An English teaching video on this topic from Cognito. Watch it, then scroll down for the lesson.
In a nutshell
Construct and interpret food chains and webs
Explore the idea
Part 2 of 9
Learn
Trophic levels
Producers capture light energy. Each consumer level loses energy to movement, heat and waste, so biomass falls sharply as you go up.
Explore the idea
Part 3 of 9
Learn
Reading a web
Arrows point in the direction energy travels — from the eaten to the eater. A web shows alternatives a chain hides.
Quick check
Part 4 of 9
Quick check
Roughly how much energy passes to the next level?
Quick check
Part 5 of 9
Quick check
Arrows in a food chain point…
Quick check
Part 6 of 9
Quick check
Top predators are rare because…
Challenge round
Part 7 of 9
Game · Sort it
Which of these are true?
Drag each card into the right column. Tap a card first if dragging is fiddly.
True
Not true
Mastery quiz
Part 8 of 9
Marked quiz
End of lesson quiz: Energy transfer through food webs
3 questions, marked with the reasoning shown. No timer.
1. Roughly how much energy passes to the next level?
2. Arrows in a food chain point…
3. Top predators are rare because…
Lesson round-up
Part 9 of 9
Lesson round-up
Ready when you are
Quiz score
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Games
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Points this lesson
0
Best run
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Luna: 0 out of 3 on the practice checks. Only if you feel up to it — one more?
Ask LunaDo the work
Your written work for this lesson
This is the part you'd do in your book at school. Pick the pieces below, write here or on paper, and photograph anything you draw or work out.
Why the school greenhouse failed
A science club grew tomato plants in the school greenhouse. In June the plants grew well: leaves were dark green and the fruit set quickly. In July the club went away for two weeks and left the greenhouse door shut. When they came back, the leaves were curled and pale and most of the fruit had dropped.
The club had a data logger inside. It showed the temperature reached 46 °C on several afternoons and the soil moisture fell close to zero. The club knew photosynthesis needs light, water and carbon dioxide, and that enzymes in a plant work best in a narrow range of temperature. Above that range the enzymes stop working properly.
The club repeated the summer with the door propped open and a water bottle drip on each pot. Temperature peaked at 31 °C and the plants survived.
Written for Good Learning Co.
Reading questions
- Name the variable the club changed the second time, and one variable they kept the same.
- Explain, using the words photosynthesis and enzymes, why the plants were damaged in July.
- Write a conclusion for the club's report, saying how far the evidence supports it.
Method and results
WritingWrite the aim, what you changed, what you measured and what you kept the same, then record your results in a table.
1 page + results table
Conclusion
WritingExplain what your results show and why, using the scientific words from the lesson. Say how you know you can trust them.
6–8 sentences
Labelled diagram
DiagramDraw the apparatus or the process in pencil, label it fully, and photograph it.
1 labelled diagram
Reading and notes
ReadingRead the lesson text again and write the key ideas in your own words.
Half a page of notes
Saved as you type.
Part 1 of 9 · Watch & discover
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Understand the interdependence of organisms in an ecosystem, including food webs and insect pollinated crops